弁膜疾患の非薬物治療に関するガイドライン（2012年改訂版）
Guidelines for Surgical and Interventional Treatment of Valvular Haert Disease（ JCS 2012）
文献
501. Hammermeister KE, Sethi GK, Henderson WG, et al. A comparison of outcomes in men 11 years after heart-valve replacement with a mechanical
valve or bioprosthesis. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Valvular Heart Disease. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1289-1296.
502. Sievers HH, Hanke T, Stierle U, et al. A critical reappraisal of the Ross operation: renaissance of the subcoronary implantation technique? Circulation
2006; 114(1 Suppl): I504-I511.
503. Clark JB, Pauliks LB, Rogerson A, et al. The Ross operation in children and young adults: a fifteen-year, singleinstitution experience. Ann Thorac
Surg 2011; 91: 1936-1941.
504. El-Hamamsy I, Eryigit Z, Stevens LM, et al. Long-term outcomes after autograft versus homograft aortic root replacement in adults with aortic valve
disease: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 524-531.
505. Juthier F, Vincentelli A, Pincon C, et al. Reoperation after the Ross procedure: incidence, management, and survival. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93:
598-604.
506. Shrestha BM, Fukushima S, Vrtik M, et al. Partial replacement of tricuspid valve using cryopreserved homograft. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89:
1187-1194.
507. O’Brien MF, Harrocks S, Stafford EG, et al. The homograft aortic valve: a 29-year, 99.3% follow up of 1,022 valve replacements. J Heart Valve Dis
2001; 10: 334-344.
508. Yacoub M, Rasmi NR, Sundt TM, et al. Fourteen-year experience with homovital homografts for aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
1995; 110: 186-193.
509. Joudinaud TM, Baron F, Raffoul R, et al. Redo aortic root surgery for failure of an aortic homograft is a major technical challenge. Eur J Cardiothorac
Surg 2008; 33: 989-994.
510. Kitamura S, Yagihara T, Kobayashi J, et al. Mid- to longterm outcomes of cardiovascular tissue replacements utilizing homografts harvested and
stored at Japanese institutional tissue banks. Surg Today 2011; 41: 500-509.
511. Burdon TA, Miller DC, Oyer PE, et al. Durability of porcine valves at fifteen years in a representative North American patient population. J Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 103: 238-251.
512. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Munro AI, et al. Carpentier-Edwards standard porcine bioprosthesis: a 21-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66
(6 Suppl): S40-S43.
513. Khan SS, Chaux A, Blanche C, et al. A 20-year experience with the Hancock porcine xenograft in the elderly. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66(6 Suppl):
S35-S39.
514. Borger MA, Ivanov J, Armstrong S, et al. Twenty-year results of the Hancock II bioprosthesis. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 49-55.
515. David TE, Armstrong S, Maganti M. Hancock II bioprosthesis for aortic valve replacement: the gold standard of bioprosthetic valves durability? Ann
Thorac Surg 2010; 90: 775-781.
516. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Miyagishima RT, et al. Carpentier-Edwards supra-annular aortic porcine bioprosthesis: clinical performance over 20 years.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130: 994-1000.
517. Jamieson WR, Riess FC, Raudkivi PJ, et al. Medtronic Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis: assessment of 12-year performance. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2011; 142: 302-307.
518. Riess FC, Cramer E, Hansen L, et al. Clinical results of the Medtronic Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis up to 13 years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2010;
37: 145-153.
519. Jamieson WR, Lewis CT, Sakwa MP, et al. St Jude Medical Epic porcine bioprosthesis: results of the regulatory evaluation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2011; 141: 1449-1454.
520. Maitland A, Hirsch GM, Pascoe EA. Hemodynamic performance of the St. Jude Medical Epic Supra aortic stented valve. J Heart Valve Dis 2011;
20: 327-331.
521. Cosgrove DM, Lytle BW, Gill CC, et al. In vivo hemodynamic comparison of porcine and pericardial valves. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985; 89: 358
-368.
522. Aupart MR, Mirza A, Meurisse YA, et al. Perimount pericardial bioprosthesis for aortic calcified stenosis: 18-year experience with 1133 patients. J
Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 768-775.
523. Aupart MR, Sirinelli AL, Diemont FF, et al. The last generation of pericardial valves in the aortic position: tenyear follow-up in 589 patients. Ann Thorac
Surg 1996; 61: 615-620.
524. Ayegnon KG, Aupart M, Bourguignon T, et al. A 25-year experience with Carpentier-Edwards Perimount in the mitral position. Asian Cardiovasc
Thorac Ann 2011; 19: 14-19.
525. Banbury MK, Cosgrove DM, III, White JA, et al. Age and valve size effect on the long-term durability of the Carpentier Edwards aortic pericardial
bioprosthesis. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 72: 753-757.
526. Banbury MK, Cosgrove DM, III, Lytle BW, et al. Longterm results of the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve: a 12-year follow-up. Ann Thorac
Surg 1998; 66(6 Suppl): S73-S76.
527. Cosgrove DM, Lytle BW, Taylor PC, et al. The Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve. Ten-year results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995; 110: 651
-662.
528. Eric Jamieson WR, Marchand MA, Pelletier CL, et al. Structural valve deterioration in mitral replacement surgery: comparison of Carpentier-Edwards
supra-annular porcine and perimount pericardial bioprostheses. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999; 118: 297-304.
529. Jamieson WR, Germann E, Aupart MR, et al. 15-year comparison of supra-annular porcine and PERIMOUNT aortic bioprostheses. Asian Cardiovasc
Thorac Ann 2006; 14: 200-205.
530. Marchand M, Aupart M, Norton R, et al. Twelve-year experience with Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT pericardial valve in the mitral position: a
multicenter study. J Heart Valve Dis 1998; 7: 292-298.
531. McClure RS, Narayanasamy N, Wiegerinck E, et al. Late outcomes for aortic valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprosthesis:
up to 17-year follow-up in 1,000 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89: 1410-1416.
532. Dalmau MJ, Gonzalez-Santos JM, Blazquez JA, et al. Hemodynamic performance of the Medtronic Mosaic and Perimount Magna aortic
bioprostheses: five-year results of a prospectively randomized study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 39: 844-852.
533. Wagner IM, Eichinger WB, Bleiziffer S, et al. Influence of completely supra-annular placement of bioprostheses on exercise hemodynamics in patients
with a small aortic annulus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133: 1234-1241.
534. Wyss TR, Bigler M, Stalder M, et al. Absence of prosthesispatient mismatch with the new generation of Edwards stented aortic bioprosthesis.
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2010; 10: 884-887.
535. The Italian study on the Mitroflow postoperative results (ISTHMUS): a 20-year, multicentre evaluation of Mitroflow pericardial bioprosthesis. Eur J
Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 39: 18-26.
536. Conte J, Weissman N, Dearani JA, et al. A North American, prospective, multicenter assessment of the Mitroflow aortic pericardial prosthesis. Ann
Thorac Surg 2010; 90: 144-152.
537. Kon ND, Cordell AR, Adair SM, et al. Aortic root replacement with the freestyle stentless porcine aortic root bioprosthesis. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;
67: 1609-1615.
538. Bach DS, Kon ND, Dumesnil JG, et al. Eight-year results after aortic valve replacement with the Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis. J Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 2004; 127: 1657-1663.
539. Deleuze PH, Fromes Y, Khoury W, et al. Eight-year results of Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis in the aortic position: a single-center study of 500
patients. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 247-252.
540. Melina G, De RF, Gaer JA, et al. Mid-term pattern of surviva l , hemodynamic performance and rate of complications after medtronic freestyle versus
homograft full aortic root replacement: results from a prospective randomized trial. J Heart Valve Dis 2004; 13: 972-975.
541. Auriemma S, D’Onofrio A, Brunelli M, et al. Long-term results of aortic valve replacement with Edwards Prima Plus stentless bioprosthesis: eleven
years’ follow up. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 691-695.
542. Jin XY, Ratnatunga C, Pillai R. Performance of Edwards prima stentless aortic valve over eight years. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 13(4 Suppl
1): 163-167.
543. Burr LH, Jamieson WR, Munro AI, et al. Structural valve deterioration in elderly patient populations with the Carpentier-Edwards standard and supra
-annular porcine bioprostheses: a comparative study. J Heart Valve Dis 1992; 1: 87-91.
544. David TE, Ivanov J, Armstrong S, et al. Late results of heart valve replacement with the Hancock II bioprosthesis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001;
121: 268-277.
545. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Tyers GF, et al. Carpentier-Edwards standard and supra-annular porcine bioprostheses: 10 year comparison of structural valve
deterioration. J Heart Valve Dis 1994; 3: 59-65.
546. Pelletier LC, Carrier M, Leclerc Y, et al. Influence of age on late results of valve replacement with porcine bioprostheses. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
1992; 33: 526-533.
547. Chang BC, Lim SH, Yi G, et al. Long-term clinical results of tricuspid valve replacement. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81: 1317-1323, discussion.
548. Dalrymple-Hay MJ, Leung Y, Ohri SK, et al. Tricuspid valve replacement: bioprostheses are preferable. J Heart Valve Dis 1999; 8: 644-648.
549. Kawachi Y, Tominaga R, Hisahara M, et al. Excellent durability of the Hancock porcine bioprosthesis in the tricuspid position. A sixteen-year follow-up
study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 104: 1561-1566.
550. Iturbe-Alessio I, Fonseca MC, Mutchinik O, et al. Risks of anticoagulant therapy in pregnant women with artificial heart valves. N Engl J Med 1986;
315: 1390-1393.
551. Wong V, Cheng CH, Chan KC. Fetal and neonatal outcome of exposure to anticoagulants during pregnancy. Am J Med Genet 1993; 45: 17-21.
552. Cleuziou J, Horer J, Kaemmerer H, et al. Pregnancy does not accelerate biological valve degeneration. Int J Cardiol 2010; 145: 418-421.
553. Elkayam U, Bitar F. Valvular heart disease and pregnancy: part II: prosthetic valves. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 403-410.
554. Mihaljevic T, Paul S, Leacche M, et al. Valve replacement in women of childbearing age: influences on mother, fetus and neonate. J Heart Valve Dis
2005; 14: 151-157.
555. North RA, Sadler L, Stewart AW, et al. Long-term survival and valve-related complications in young women with cardiac valve replacements.
Circulation 1999; 99: 2669-2676.
556. Kawamata K, Neki R, Yamanaka K, et al. Risks and pregnancy outcome in women with prosthetic mechanical heart valve replacement. Circ J 2007;
71: 211-213.
557. Shannon MS, Edwards MB, Long F, et al. Anticoagulant management of pregnancy following heart valve replacement in the United Kingdom, 1986
-2002. J Heart Valve Dis 2008; 17: 526-532.
558. Sillesen M, Hjortdal V, Vejlstrup N, et al. Pregnancy with prosthetic heart valves - 30 years’ nationwide experience in Denmark. Eur J Cardiothorac
Surg 2011; 40: 448-454.
559. Boning A, Boedeker RH, Rosendahl UP, et al. Long-term results of mechanical and biological heart valves in dialysis and non-dialysis patients.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 59: 454-459.
560. Umezu K, Saito S, Yamazaki K, et al. Cardiac valvular surgery in dialysis patients: comparison of surgical outcome for mechanical versus
bioprosthetic valves. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 57: 197-202.
valve or bioprosthesis. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Valvular Heart Disease. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1289-1296.
502. Sievers HH, Hanke T, Stierle U, et al. A critical reappraisal of the Ross operation: renaissance of the subcoronary implantation technique? Circulation
2006; 114(1 Suppl): I504-I511.
503. Clark JB, Pauliks LB, Rogerson A, et al. The Ross operation in children and young adults: a fifteen-year, singleinstitution experience. Ann Thorac
Surg 2011; 91: 1936-1941.
504. El-Hamamsy I, Eryigit Z, Stevens LM, et al. Long-term outcomes after autograft versus homograft aortic root replacement in adults with aortic valve
disease: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 524-531.
505. Juthier F, Vincentelli A, Pincon C, et al. Reoperation after the Ross procedure: incidence, management, and survival. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93:
598-604.
506. Shrestha BM, Fukushima S, Vrtik M, et al. Partial replacement of tricuspid valve using cryopreserved homograft. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89:
1187-1194.
507. O’Brien MF, Harrocks S, Stafford EG, et al. The homograft aortic valve: a 29-year, 99.3% follow up of 1,022 valve replacements. J Heart Valve Dis
2001; 10: 334-344.
508. Yacoub M, Rasmi NR, Sundt TM, et al. Fourteen-year experience with homovital homografts for aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
1995; 110: 186-193.
509. Joudinaud TM, Baron F, Raffoul R, et al. Redo aortic root surgery for failure of an aortic homograft is a major technical challenge. Eur J Cardiothorac
Surg 2008; 33: 989-994.
510. Kitamura S, Yagihara T, Kobayashi J, et al. Mid- to longterm outcomes of cardiovascular tissue replacements utilizing homografts harvested and
stored at Japanese institutional tissue banks. Surg Today 2011; 41: 500-509.
511. Burdon TA, Miller DC, Oyer PE, et al. Durability of porcine valves at fifteen years in a representative North American patient population. J Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 103: 238-251.
512. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Munro AI, et al. Carpentier-Edwards standard porcine bioprosthesis: a 21-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66
(6 Suppl): S40-S43.
513. Khan SS, Chaux A, Blanche C, et al. A 20-year experience with the Hancock porcine xenograft in the elderly. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66(6 Suppl):
S35-S39.
514. Borger MA, Ivanov J, Armstrong S, et al. Twenty-year results of the Hancock II bioprosthesis. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 49-55.
515. David TE, Armstrong S, Maganti M. Hancock II bioprosthesis for aortic valve replacement: the gold standard of bioprosthetic valves durability? Ann
Thorac Surg 2010; 90: 775-781.
516. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Miyagishima RT, et al. Carpentier-Edwards supra-annular aortic porcine bioprosthesis: clinical performance over 20 years.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130: 994-1000.
517. Jamieson WR, Riess FC, Raudkivi PJ, et al. Medtronic Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis: assessment of 12-year performance. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2011; 142: 302-307.
518. Riess FC, Cramer E, Hansen L, et al. Clinical results of the Medtronic Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis up to 13 years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2010;
37: 145-153.
519. Jamieson WR, Lewis CT, Sakwa MP, et al. St Jude Medical Epic porcine bioprosthesis: results of the regulatory evaluation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2011; 141: 1449-1454.
520. Maitland A, Hirsch GM, Pascoe EA. Hemodynamic performance of the St. Jude Medical Epic Supra aortic stented valve. J Heart Valve Dis 2011;
20: 327-331.
521. Cosgrove DM, Lytle BW, Gill CC, et al. In vivo hemodynamic comparison of porcine and pericardial valves. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985; 89: 358
-368.
522. Aupart MR, Mirza A, Meurisse YA, et al. Perimount pericardial bioprosthesis for aortic calcified stenosis: 18-year experience with 1133 patients. J
Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 768-775.
523. Aupart MR, Sirinelli AL, Diemont FF, et al. The last generation of pericardial valves in the aortic position: tenyear follow-up in 589 patients. Ann Thorac
Surg 1996; 61: 615-620.
524. Ayegnon KG, Aupart M, Bourguignon T, et al. A 25-year experience with Carpentier-Edwards Perimount in the mitral position. Asian Cardiovasc
Thorac Ann 2011; 19: 14-19.
525. Banbury MK, Cosgrove DM, III, White JA, et al. Age and valve size effect on the long-term durability of the Carpentier Edwards aortic pericardial
bioprosthesis. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 72: 753-757.
526. Banbury MK, Cosgrove DM, III, Lytle BW, et al. Longterm results of the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve: a 12-year follow-up. Ann Thorac
Surg 1998; 66(6 Suppl): S73-S76.
527. Cosgrove DM, Lytle BW, Taylor PC, et al. The Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve. Ten-year results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995; 110: 651
-662.
528. Eric Jamieson WR, Marchand MA, Pelletier CL, et al. Structural valve deterioration in mitral replacement surgery: comparison of Carpentier-Edwards
supra-annular porcine and perimount pericardial bioprostheses. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999; 118: 297-304.
529. Jamieson WR, Germann E, Aupart MR, et al. 15-year comparison of supra-annular porcine and PERIMOUNT aortic bioprostheses. Asian Cardiovasc
Thorac Ann 2006; 14: 200-205.
530. Marchand M, Aupart M, Norton R, et al. Twelve-year experience with Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT pericardial valve in the mitral position: a
multicenter study. J Heart Valve Dis 1998; 7: 292-298.
531. McClure RS, Narayanasamy N, Wiegerinck E, et al. Late outcomes for aortic valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprosthesis:
up to 17-year follow-up in 1,000 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89: 1410-1416.
532. Dalmau MJ, Gonzalez-Santos JM, Blazquez JA, et al. Hemodynamic performance of the Medtronic Mosaic and Perimount Magna aortic
bioprostheses: five-year results of a prospectively randomized study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 39: 844-852.
533. Wagner IM, Eichinger WB, Bleiziffer S, et al. Influence of completely supra-annular placement of bioprostheses on exercise hemodynamics in patients
with a small aortic annulus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133: 1234-1241.
534. Wyss TR, Bigler M, Stalder M, et al. Absence of prosthesispatient mismatch with the new generation of Edwards stented aortic bioprosthesis.
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2010; 10: 884-887.
535. The Italian study on the Mitroflow postoperative results (ISTHMUS): a 20-year, multicentre evaluation of Mitroflow pericardial bioprosthesis. Eur J
Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 39: 18-26.
536. Conte J, Weissman N, Dearani JA, et al. A North American, prospective, multicenter assessment of the Mitroflow aortic pericardial prosthesis. Ann
Thorac Surg 2010; 90: 144-152.
537. Kon ND, Cordell AR, Adair SM, et al. Aortic root replacement with the freestyle stentless porcine aortic root bioprosthesis. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;
67: 1609-1615.
538. Bach DS, Kon ND, Dumesnil JG, et al. Eight-year results after aortic valve replacement with the Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis. J Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 2004; 127: 1657-1663.
539. Deleuze PH, Fromes Y, Khoury W, et al. Eight-year results of Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis in the aortic position: a single-center study of 500
patients. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 247-252.
540. Melina G, De RF, Gaer JA, et al. Mid-term pattern of surviva l , hemodynamic performance and rate of complications after medtronic freestyle versus
homograft full aortic root replacement: results from a prospective randomized trial. J Heart Valve Dis 2004; 13: 972-975.
541. Auriemma S, D’Onofrio A, Brunelli M, et al. Long-term results of aortic valve replacement with Edwards Prima Plus stentless bioprosthesis: eleven
years’ follow up. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15: 691-695.
542. Jin XY, Ratnatunga C, Pillai R. Performance of Edwards prima stentless aortic valve over eight years. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 13(4 Suppl
1): 163-167.
543. Burr LH, Jamieson WR, Munro AI, et al. Structural valve deterioration in elderly patient populations with the Carpentier-Edwards standard and supra
-annular porcine bioprostheses: a comparative study. J Heart Valve Dis 1992; 1: 87-91.
544. David TE, Ivanov J, Armstrong S, et al. Late results of heart valve replacement with the Hancock II bioprosthesis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001;
121: 268-277.
545. Jamieson WR, Burr LH, Tyers GF, et al. Carpentier-Edwards standard and supra-annular porcine bioprostheses: 10 year comparison of structural valve
deterioration. J Heart Valve Dis 1994; 3: 59-65.
546. Pelletier LC, Carrier M, Leclerc Y, et al. Influence of age on late results of valve replacement with porcine bioprostheses. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
1992; 33: 526-533.
547. Chang BC, Lim SH, Yi G, et al. Long-term clinical results of tricuspid valve replacement. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81: 1317-1323, discussion.
548. Dalrymple-Hay MJ, Leung Y, Ohri SK, et al. Tricuspid valve replacement: bioprostheses are preferable. J Heart Valve Dis 1999; 8: 644-648.
549. Kawachi Y, Tominaga R, Hisahara M, et al. Excellent durability of the Hancock porcine bioprosthesis in the tricuspid position. A sixteen-year follow-up
study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 104: 1561-1566.
550. Iturbe-Alessio I, Fonseca MC, Mutchinik O, et al. Risks of anticoagulant therapy in pregnant women with artificial heart valves. N Engl J Med 1986;
315: 1390-1393.
551. Wong V, Cheng CH, Chan KC. Fetal and neonatal outcome of exposure to anticoagulants during pregnancy. Am J Med Genet 1993; 45: 17-21.
552. Cleuziou J, Horer J, Kaemmerer H, et al. Pregnancy does not accelerate biological valve degeneration. Int J Cardiol 2010; 145: 418-421.
553. Elkayam U, Bitar F. Valvular heart disease and pregnancy: part II: prosthetic valves. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 403-410.
554. Mihaljevic T, Paul S, Leacche M, et al. Valve replacement in women of childbearing age: influences on mother, fetus and neonate. J Heart Valve Dis
2005; 14: 151-157.
555. North RA, Sadler L, Stewart AW, et al. Long-term survival and valve-related complications in young women with cardiac valve replacements.
Circulation 1999; 99: 2669-2676.
556. Kawamata K, Neki R, Yamanaka K, et al. Risks and pregnancy outcome in women with prosthetic mechanical heart valve replacement. Circ J 2007;
71: 211-213.
557. Shannon MS, Edwards MB, Long F, et al. Anticoagulant management of pregnancy following heart valve replacement in the United Kingdom, 1986
-2002. J Heart Valve Dis 2008; 17: 526-532.
558. Sillesen M, Hjortdal V, Vejlstrup N, et al. Pregnancy with prosthetic heart valves - 30 years’ nationwide experience in Denmark. Eur J Cardiothorac
Surg 2011; 40: 448-454.
559. Boning A, Boedeker RH, Rosendahl UP, et al. Long-term results of mechanical and biological heart valves in dialysis and non-dialysis patients.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 59: 454-459.
560. Umezu K, Saito S, Yamazaki K, et al. Cardiac valvular surgery in dialysis patients: comparison of surgical outcome for mechanical versus
bioprosthetic valves. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 57: 197-202.